#!/usr/bin/env python3 """ 光路可视化Blender脚本 读取miao_light_path_tsingtao.json文件并使用Blender绘制3D光路模型 使用方法: 1. 在Blender中运行此脚本 2. 或使用命令行: blender --background --python light_path_blender.py 输出文件: - light_path_model.blend - Blender工程文件 - light_path_model.glb - Web友好格式 - light_path_render.png - 渲染图像 """ import bpy import json import mathutils import os import bmesh import numpy as np from mathutils import Vector # 清空场景 bpy.ops.wm.read_factory_settings(use_empty=True) # 设置渲染引擎为Cycles（更好的材质渲染） bpy.context.scene.render.engine = 'CYCLES' def load_light_paths(filename): """加载光路数据""" try: with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f: data = json.load(f) print(f"成功加载光路文件: {filename}") print(f"包含 {len(data)} 条光路") return data except Exception as e: print(f"加载光路文件失败: {e}") return [] def create_light_path_material(color=(1.0, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0), emission_strength=0.5): """创建光路材质""" mat = bpy.data.materials.new(name="light_path") mat.use_nodes = True nodes = mat.node_tree.nodes links = mat.node_tree.links # 清除默认节点 nodes.clear() # 创建发光节点 emission = nodes.new(type='ShaderNodeEmission') emission.inputs['Color'].default_value = color emission.inputs['Strength'].default_value = emission_strength # 创建输出节点 output = nodes.new(type='ShaderNodeOutputMaterial') # 连接节点 links.new(emission.outputs['Emission'], output.inputs['Surface']) return mat def create_light_path_curve(points, name="light_path"): """创建光路曲线""" # 创建曲线数据 curve_data = bpy.data.curves.new(name, type='CURVE') curve_data.dimensions = '3D' curve_data.resolution_u = 12 curve_data.bevel_depth = 0.02 # 光路粗细 curve_data.bevel_resolution = 4 # 创建样条线 spline = curve_data.splines.new('POLY') spline.points.add(len(points) - 1) # 设置点坐标 for i, point in enumerate(points): spline.points[i].co = (point[0], point[1], point[2], 1.0) # 创建曲线对象 curve_obj = bpy.data.objects.new(name, curve_data) bpy.context.collection.objects.link(curve_obj) return curve_obj def create_light_path_mesh(points, name="light_path"): """创建光路网格（圆柱体连接）""" # 创建网格数据 mesh_data = bpy.data.meshes.new(name) mesh_obj = bpy.data.objects.new(name, mesh_data) bpy.context.collection.objects.link(mesh_obj) # 创建bmesh bm = bmesh.new() # 为每段光路创建圆柱体 for i in range(len(points) - 1): start_point = Vector(points[i]) end_point = Vector(points[i + 1]) # 计算圆柱体参数 direction = (end_point - start_point).normalized() length = (end_point - start_point).length radius = 0.02 # 光路半径 # 创建圆柱体 bmesh.ops.create_cone( bm, segments=8, diameter1=radius, diameter2=radius, depth=length ) # 获取刚创建的圆柱体 cylinder_verts = [v for v in bm.verts if v.select] cylinder_faces = [f for f in bm.faces if f.select] # 取消选择 for v in cylinder_verts: v.select = False for f in cylinder_faces: f.select = False # 计算旋转 up = Vector((0, 0, 1)) if abs(direction.dot(up)) > 0.99: up = Vector((0, 1, 0)) rotation = direction.rotation_difference(up) # 应用变换 center = (start_point + end_point) / 2 for v in cylinder_verts: v.co = rotation @ v.co + center # 转换为网格 bm.to_mesh(mesh_data) bm.free() return mesh_obj def create_light_path_objects(light_paths): """创建所有光路对象""" objects = [] # 创建材质 base_colors = [ (1.0, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0), # 红色 (0.2, 1.0, 0.2, 1.0), # 绿色 (0.2, 0.2, 1.0, 1.0), # 蓝色 (1.0, 1.0, 0.2, 1.0), # 黄色 (1.0, 0.2, 1.0, 1.0), # 紫色 (0.2, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0), # 青色 (1.0, 0.5, 0.2, 1.0), # 橙色 (0.5, 0.2, 1.0, 1.0), # 紫罗兰 ] for i, path in enumerate(light_paths): if len(path) < 2: continue # 选择颜色 color = base_colors[i % len(base_colors)] # 创建材质 material = create_light_path_material(color, emission_strength=0.3) # 创建光路对象（使用曲线） obj = create_light_path_curve(path, f"light_path_{i}") # 应用材质 obj.data.materials.append(material) objects.append(obj) print(f"创建光路 {i+1}: {len(path)} 个点") return objects def setup_scene(): """设置场景（相机、灯光等）""" # 添加相机 bpy.ops.object.camera_add(location=(10, -10, 8)) camera = bpy.context.active_object camera.rotation_euler = (1.0, 0, 0.785) bpy.context.scene.camera = camera # 添加主灯光 bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='SUN', location=(5, 5, 10)) sun = bpy.context.active_object sun.data.energy = 2.0 # 添加环境光 bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='AREA', location=(-5, -5, 8)) area = bpy.context.active_object area.data.energy = 30.0 area.data.size = 8.0 # 设置世界背景为深色 world = bpy.context.scene.world world.use_nodes = True bg_node = world.node_tree.nodes['Background'] bg_node.inputs['Color'].default_value = (0.05, 0.05, 0.1, 1.0) bg_node.inputs['Strength'].default_value = 0.5 def calculate_bounds(light_paths): """计算光路的边界框""" if not light_paths: return None all_points = [] for path in light_paths: all_points.extend(path) all_points = np.array(all_points) min_coords = all_points.min(axis=0) max_coords = all_points.max(axis=0) return min_coords, max_coords def adjust_camera_to_bounds(min_coords, max_coords): """根据边界调整相机位置""" center = (min_coords + max_coords) / 2 size = max_coords - min_coords max_size = max(size) # 计算相机距离 distance = max_size * 2.5 # 设置相机位置 camera = bpy.context.scene.camera camera.location = center + Vector((distance, -distance, distance * 0.8)) # 让相机看向中心 direction = center - camera.location rot_quat = direction.to_track_quat('-Z', 'Y') camera.rotation_euler = rot_quat.to_euler() def export_model(objects): """导出模型""" if not objects: print("警告：没有创建任何对象，跳过导出") return # 选择所有光路对象 bpy.ops.object.select_all(action='DESELECT') for obj in objects: if obj and obj.name in bpy.data.objects: obj.select_set(True) try: # 导出为GLB格式 glb_path = os.path.abspath("./light_path_model.glb") bpy.ops.export_scene.gltf( filepath=glb_path, use_selection=True, export_materials='EXPORT', export_lights=True ) print(f"模型已导出为: {glb_path}") except Exception as e: print(f"GLB导出失败: {e}") try: # 保存Blender文件 blend_path = os.path.abspath("./light_path_model.blend") bpy.ops.wm.save_as_mainfile(filepath=blend_path) print(f"Blender文件已保存为: {blend_path}") except Exception as e: print(f"Blender文件保存失败: {e}") def render_image(): """渲染图像""" try: # 设置渲染参数 scene = bpy.context.scene scene.render.resolution_x = 1920 scene.render.resolution_y = 1080 scene.render.image_settings.file_format = 'PNG' scene.render.film_transparent = False render_path = os.path.abspath("./light_path_render.png") scene.render.filepath = render_path print(f"开始渲染到: {render_path}") bpy.ops.render.render(write_still=True) print(f"渲染图像已保存为: {render_path}") except Exception as e: print(f"渲染失败: {e}") import traceback traceback.print_exc() def main(): """主函数""" print("🎨 光学系统光路可视化") print("=" * 40) # 加载光路数据 light_paths = load_light_paths("miao_light_path_tsingtao.json") if not light_paths: print("❌ 无法加载光路数据") return # 分析数据 print(f"\n=== 光路数据分析 ===") print(f"总光路数量: {len(light_paths)}") # 统计每条光路的点数 path_lengths = [len(path) for path in light_paths] print(f"光路点数统计:") print(f" 最少点数: {min(path_lengths)}") print(f" 最多点数: {max(path_lengths)}") print(f" 平均点数: {np.mean(path_lengths):.2f}") # 计算边界 bounds = calculate_bounds(light_paths) if bounds: min_coords, max_coords = bounds print(f"\n坐标范围:") print(f" X: [{min_coords[0]:.3f}, {max_coords[0]:.3f}]") print(f" Y: [{min_coords[1]:.3f}, {max_coords[1]:.3f}]") print(f" Z: [{min_coords[2]:.3f}, {max_coords[2]:.3f}]") # 创建光路对象 print(f"\n正在创建光路对象...") light_path_objects = create_light_path_objects(light_paths) # 设置场景 print("正在设置场景...") setup_scene() # 调整相机 if bounds: adjust_camera_to_bounds(bounds[0], bounds[1]) # 导出模型 print("正在导出模型...") export_model(light_path_objects) # 渲染图像 print("正在渲染图像...") render_image() print("\n🎉 任务完成！") print("\n生成的文件:") print("- light_path_model.blend: Blender工程文件") print("- light_path_model.glb: Web友好格式") print("- light_path_render.png: 渲染图像") print(f"\n成功创建了 {len(light_path_objects)} 条光路") if __name__ == "__main__": main()